TIM 003

Push & Pull Factors

• Techonology - Push (Supply-side Pushing Innovation)
• Demand - Pull (Demand-side Pulling Innovation)

Technology Push	Demand Pull
Starts with Scientific Breakthrough	Starts with Customer need
iPad	Zoom (COVID-19)
VR Headset	Selfie Stick
Post-it Notes	Tesla Model 3

Disruptive Innovation

• Creative Destruction
  • a process by which new innovations and technological advancements ("creative")
  • desmantle long-standing economic structures, practices, and organizations ("destruction")
  • while creating new markets and opportunities
• Disruptive Innovation
  • a process where a smaller company successfully challenges estabilished businesses bgy offering simpler, more affordable, or more accessible products or services.
  • low-cast, low-performance, alternative, improve over time and displace established playwers
• Innovator's Dilemma
  • successful, well-managed companies often fail when disuptive technologies emerge
  • even when they do everything "right" according to traditional management principles.

Sustaining Innovation	Disruptive Innovation
Improves existing products	Creates new markets or value
Higher margins	Initially lower margins
High-end customers	Low-end market segments

• Sustaining Innovation: Tesla improving battery range
• Disruptive Innovation: Netflix replacing Blockbuster

Attention Economy

• Human attention a scarce resource
• The attention economy is made up of anything trying to capture our limited attention.

Responsible Innovation

• Innovation can create benefits (growth, efficiency, solutions) but also risks (inequality, pollution, privacy loss).

• Responsible Innovation is about developing new techonologies, products, or services in a way that is ethically acceptatble, socially desirable, and environmentally sustainable, while actively considering their potential impacts on society.

• Anticipation: Exploring possible risks, unintended consequences, and long-term effects.

• Reflexivity: Innovators reflecting on their own values, assumptions, and biases.

• Inclusion: Engaging stakeholders (citizens, users, regulators, communities), not just engineers or investors shaping outcomes.

• Responsiveness: Ability to change direction if concerns arise.

Product questions	Process questions	Purpose questions
How will the risks and benefits be distributed?	How should standards be drawn up and applied?	Why are researchers doing it?
What other impacts can we anticipate?	How should risks and benefits be defined and measured?	Are these motivations transparent and in the public interest?
How might these change in the future?	Who is in control?	Who will benefit?
What don't we know about?	Who is taking part?	What are they going to gain?
What might we never know about?	Who will take responsibility if things go wrong?	What are the alternatives?
-	How do we know we are right?	-

Sustainability

• No poverty
• Zero hunger
• Good health and Well-being
• Quality education
• Gender equality
• Clean water and Sanitation
• Affordable and Clean energy
• Decent work and Econnomic growth
• Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
• Reduced Inequalities
• Sustainable Cities and Communities
• Responsible consumption and Production
• Climate action
• Life below water
• Life on land
• Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions
• Partnerships for the goals

Sustainability Dilemma

Externailities

Impacts on third parties

• Ecology / Environmental
  • Bio-diversity
  • Habitat loss
  • Pollution
  • Carbon footprint
• Social - human side
  • Human trafficking
  • Working conditions
  • Child labour
  • Social cohesion
  • Addiction and psychological damages

Internal Perspectives

• Economic - Business sustainability
  • Solvency
  • Regulations
  • Management
  • Succession planning
  • Disaster management
  • Short-term thinking / goals
  • Fiduciary obligations to Shareholders